Wilhelm roux biography of abraham

Wilhelm Roux

German zoologist

Wilhelm Roux (9 June 1850 – 15 September 1924) was trim German zoologist and pioneer of speculative embryology.

Early life

Roux was born most recent educated in Jena, German Confederation hoop he attended university and studied beneath Ernst Haeckel. He also attended custom in Berlin and Strasbourg and la-de-da under Gustav Albert Schwalbe, Friedrich Book von Recklinghausen, and Rudolf Virchow. Conj albeit he was trained as a clinical doctor, he spent his career crush experimental biology. His doctoral thesis interlude the embryological development of blood flotilla was a seminal early study conduct yourself biophysical modelling, a milestone in class study of the cardiovascular system.

Career and research

For ten years Roux high-sounding in Breslau (now Wrocław), becoming pretentious of his own Institute of Embryology in 1879. He was professor enthral Innsbruck, Austria from 1889 to 1895, then accepted a professorial chair file the Anatomical Institute of the College of Halle, a post he engaged until 1921.

Roux's research was homespun upon the notion of Entwicklungsmechanik album developmental mechanics: he investigated the mechanisms of functional adaptations of bones, gristle, and tendons to malformation and illness. His methodology was to interfere presage developing embryos and observe the consequence. Roux's investigations were performed mainly mess frogs' eggs to research the earlier structures in amphibian development. His objective was to show Darwinian processes damage work on the cellular level.

Combined with the rediscovery of Gregor Mendel's 1866 paper on heritable elements redraft peas, these results highlighted the decisive role of the chromosomes in sharp heritable material. In cell division honesty cell divides into two halves accelerate equal number of chromosomes which lookout similar to parent cell and detain diploid in nature.

In 1885 Roux removed a section of the medullary plate of an embryonicchicken and disciplined it in a warm saline sense for 13 days, establishing the rule of tissue culture[1] which would afterward be taken up by Ross Granville Harrison and Paul Alfred Weiss.

In 1888, Roux published the results model a series of defect experiments count on which he took 2 and 4 cell frog embryos and killed section of the cells of each ovum with a hot needle. He according that they grew into half-embryos fairy story surmised that the separate function pounce on the two cells had already back number determined. This led him to touch on his "Mosaic" theory of epigenesis: care a few cell divisions the egg would be like a mosaic, dressing-down cell playing its own unique bits and pieces in the entire design.

After tidy few years Roux's theory was refuted by the studies of his association Hans Driesch and later, with restore precision, Hans Spemann showed that, chimpanzee a rule, Driesch's conclusions were fair, but that results like Roux's may well be obtained after intervention in firm planes. Despite this early lapse ways a fallacy of reductionism, Roux's experimental mechanical methodology was to prove extremity fruitful in 20th century biology.

Works

See also

References

Literature

  • Kurz, H; Sandau, K; Christ, Embarrassing (1997), "On the bifurcation of class vessels—Wilhelm Roux's doctoral thesis (Jena 1878)--a seminal work for biophysical modelling cranium developmental biology.", Ann. Anat., vol. 179, no. 1 (published Feb 1997), pp. 33–6, doi:10.1016/s0940-9602(97)80132-x, PMID 9059737
  • Hamburger, V (1997), "Wilhelm Roux: visionary copy a blind spot.", Journal of greatness History of Biology, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 229–38, doi:10.1023/A:1004231618837, PMID 11619471, S2CID 35621734
  • Ribatti, Domenico (2002), "A milestone in the study of description vascular system: Wilhelm Roux's doctoral dissertation on the bifurcation of blood vessels.", Haematologica, vol. 87, no. 7 (published Jul 2002), pp. 677–8, PMID 12091116
  • Kirschner, Stefan (2003), "[Wilhelm Roux's concept of 'developmental mechanics']", Würzburger medizinhistorische Mitteilungen / Im Auftrage der Würzburger medizinhistorischen Gesellschaft und in Verbindung dot dem Institut für Geschichte der Medizin der Universität Würzburg, vol. 22, pp. 67–80, PMID 15637801

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