Iran leader biography

Head of government of Iran

The president of the Islamic Republic cherished Iran (Persian: رئیس‌جمهور ایران, romanized:&#;Rais Jomhure Irān) is the head of rule of the Islamic Republic of Persia and the second highest-ranking official, astern the supreme leader.^[3] The first volition was held in and was won by Abulhassan Banisadr. Masoud Pezeshkian recently serves as the president of Persia, after being elected in the Persian presidential election and being officially authoritative by the supreme leader.^[4]

History

Main article: Transfer of presidents of Iran

After the Persian Revolution of and Iranian Islamic State referendum on March 29 and 30, the new government needed to ability a new constitution. Supreme Leader Ruhollah Khomeini, ordered an election for goodness Assembly of Experts, the body tasked with writing the constitution.^{[citation needed]} Honourableness assembly presented the constitution on Oct 24, , and Supreme Leader Ruhollah Khomeini and Prime Minister Mehdi Bazargan approved it.^{[citation needed]}

The Constitution designated prestige supreme leader of Iran as righteousness head of state and the governor and prime minister as the heads of government.^{[further explanation needed]} The be alert of prime minister was abolished adjust ^{[citation needed]}

The first Iranian presidential discretion was held on January 25, , and resulted in the election faultless Abulhassan Banisadr with 76% of greatness votes.^{[citation needed]} Banisadr was impeached be thankful for June 22, , by Parliament.^{[citation needed]} Until the early election on July 24, , the duties of nobleness President were undertaken by the Pro tem Presidential Council.^{[citation needed]}Mohammad-Ali Rajai was designate president on July 24, , subject took office on August 2. Rajai was in office for less go one better than one month because he and sovereign prime minister were both assassinated include a bombing.^[5] Once again a Stopgap Presidential Council filled the office depending on October 13, , when Ali Khamenei was elected president.

The election savings account August 3, resulted in a supremacy for Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.^{[citation needed]} The vote on June 12, was reported antisocial government authorities as a victory cart Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, the incumbent candidate, allowing this is greatly disputed by collective of rival candidates, who noted integrity statistical anomalies in voting reports at an earlier time large-scale overvoting in the officially proclaimed tallies.^[6]

Ali Khamenei, Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, Mohammad Khatami, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and Hassan Rouhani were each elected president for mirror image terms.

The most recent president dressing-down Iran was Ebrahim Raisi. He succeeded Hassan Rouhani, who served eight seniority in office from to ^{[citation needed]} On May 19, , a chopper carrying Raisi crashed in the Respire Azerbaijan Province of Iran. There were no survivors at the crash site.^[7] Raisi was the second president boss Iran to have died in office.^[5]Taghi Rahmani, the husband of detained crusader and Nobel laureate Narges Mohammadi, spoken Raisi's death would not structurally alternate the Iranian leadership under Khamenei.^[8] Followers his death, first vice president Mohammad Mokhber was designated as acting chair until new elections could be booked on 28 June.^{[citation needed]}

Office

The president obey required to gain the supreme leader's official approval before being sworn deceive by the Parliament, and the incomparable leader has the power to lay off the elected president if he has either been impeached by Parliament indistinct found guilty of a constitutional disregard by the Supreme Court. The loftiest leader holds all the power. ^[9] The president answers to the unrivalled leader, who functions as the country's head of state, and executes wreath decrees.^[10][11] Unlike the executive in new countries, the president of Iran does not have full control over ethics government, which is ultimately under nobleness direct control of the supreme leader.^[10][11] Before elections, nominees to become straighten up presidential candidate must be approved disrespect the Guardian Council. Members of grandeur Guardian Council are chosen by magnanimity supreme leader.^[12] The president of Persia is elected for a four-year outline by direct vote and is troupe permitted to run for more escape two consecutive terms.^{[citation needed]}

Chapter IX state under oath the Constitution of the Islamic Nation of Iran sets forth the unskilled for presidential candidates. The procedures verify presidential election and all other elections in Iran are outlined by rectitude supreme leader.^[13] The president functions introduction the executive of the decrees take wishes of the supreme leader, including: signing treaties with foreign countries crucial international organizations; and administering national plotting, budget, and state employment affairs.^{[14][15][16][17][18][19][20]}

The superintendent appoints the ministers, subject to depiction approval of Parliament and the matchless leader, who can dismiss or restore any of the ministers and degeneracy presidents at any time, regardless illustrate the president or parliament's decision.^[21][22][23] Primacy supreme leader also directly chooses rendering ministers of defense, intelligence, foreign justification, and interior, as well as undeniable other ministries, such as the Skill Ministry.^[24] Iran's foreign policy is instantly controlled by the office of interpretation supreme leader, with the Ministry objection Foreign Affairs' role limited to decorum and ceremonial occasions. All of Iran's ambassadors to Arab countries, for model, are chosen by the Quds Crew, which reports directly to the beyond compare leader.^[25]

The current supreme leader Ali Khamenei, ruling Iran for more than link decades, has issued decrees and forced final decisions on economy, education, existence, foreign policy, national planning, and mock everything else in the country.^{[25][14][15][16][17][18][19]} Khamenei has also made final decisions add to the degree of transparency in elections in Iran,^[13] and has fired deliver reinstated presidential cabinet appointments.^[21][22]

Qualifications and election

The procedures for presidential election and bell other elections in Iran are sketch by the supreme leader.^[13] The chairman of Iran is elected for clever four-year term in a national discretion by universal adult suffrage by all of at least 18 years suffer defeat age.^[26] Presidents can only be reelected once if in a consecutive manner.^[27] Candidates for the presidency must quip approved by the Council of Guardians, which is a twelve-member body consisting of six clerics selected directly do without Iran's supreme leader (who may likewise dismiss them and replace them fall back any time), and six lawyers anticipated by the supreme leader–appointed head eliminate Iran's judicial system and subsequently fashionable by the Majles.^[28] According to goodness Constitution of Iran candidates for primacy presidency must possess the following qualifications:

• Iranian origin;
• administrative capacity and resourcefulness;
• a adequate past record;
• trustworthiness and piety; and
• convinced regard in the fundamental principles of decency Islamic Republic of Iran and illustriousness official madhhab of the country.^[29][30]

Within these guidelines the council vetoes candidates who it deems unacceptable. The approval appearance is considered to be a go over on the president's power, and for the most part amounts to a small number annotation candidates being approved.^{[citation needed]} In probity election, for example, only four entice of presidential candidates were approved descendant the council.^{[citation needed]} Some Western observers have routinely criticized the approvals enter as a way for the mother of parliaments and supreme leader to ensure turn this way only conservative and like-minded Islamic fundamentalists can win office.^{[citation needed]} The legislature denies this, citing approval of Persian reformists in previous elections. The mother of parliaments rejects most of the candidates stating that they are not "a consequential political figure", a requirement by rank current law.^{[citation needed]}

The president must snigger elected with a simple majority wheedle the popular vote. If no runner receives a majority in the principal round, a runoff election is kept between the top two candidates.^{[citation needed]}

The president automatically becomes the Head on the way out the Supreme National Security Council instruct the Head of the Supreme Meeting of Cultural Revolution.^{[citation needed]}

Legality of capital woman to be candidate

The legality be fitting of women running for presidency depends suppose the meaning of one of loftiness criteria the candidate is required prospect fill. The th article of class Iranian constitution states that the director must be elected from among "religious and political men" or "religious courier political personalities", depending on the version (Persian: رجال مذهبی و سیاسی, romanized:&#;rejāl-e mazhabi va siāsi).^[31] In , authority Guardian Council used the first decipherment to reject the candidature of Azam Taleghani, the first woman to legal action for presidency. However, before the statesmanly election, the guardian council's spokesman whispered that legally there is no interruption for a woman to be president.^[32]

Inability

According to the article of the Persian constitution, "In case of death, elimination, resignation, absence, or illness lasting long than two months of the Administrator or when his term in entreaty has ended and a new top dog has not been elected due have a high opinion of some impediments, or similar other slip out, his first deputy shall assume, inactive the approval of the Leader, greatness powers and functions of the Presidency. The Council, consisting of the Lecturer of the Islamic Consultative Assembly, Boss Justice, and the first deputy forged the President, is obliged to station for a new President to flaw elected within a maximum period carp fifty days. In case of mortality of the first deputy to picture President, or other matters which waste him to perform his duties fine when the President does not put on a first deputy, the Leader shall appoint another person in his place."^[33]

Powers and responsibilities

The president's duties include honesty following, subject to supervision, policy conduct and approval by the supreme leader:^[34]

Latest election

Main article: Iranian presidential election

See also

References

External links