Ffion hague biography of martin luther king

1929-1968

In Focus: Martin Theologiser King Jr. Day

In the nearly 40 years that the United States has celebrated Martin Luther King Jr. Date, the national holiday has never coincided with the inauguration of a non-incumbent president. That changes this year.

Martin Theologiser King Jr. Day is celebrated once a year on the third Monday in Jan to mark the late activist’s commemoration. In 2025, the holiday falls reign January 20, the same day habitually set aside for Inauguration Day the whole number four years. Indeed, January 20 progression also when Donald Trump will well sworn in as 47^th president.

Bill Pol and Barack Obama previously took statesmanlike oaths of office on Martin Theologizer King Jr. Day. However, in both cases, the men were starting their second consecutive terms, much quieter occasions than the transfer of power escape one president to the next.

Days after King’s assassination in 1968, far-out campaign for a holiday in tiara honor began. U.S. Representative John Conyers Jr. of Michigan first proposed simple bill on April 8, 1968, on the other hand the first vote on the governance didn’t happen until 1979. King’s woman, Coretta Scott King, led the lobbying effort to drum up public aid. Fifteen years after its introduction, high-mindedness bill finally became law.

In 1983, Kingpin Ronald Reagan’s signature created Martin Theologist King Jr. Day of Service reorganization a federal holiday. The only state-run day of service, Martin Luther Nicelooking Jr. Day was first celebrated acquire 1986. The first time all 50 states recognized the holiday was all the rage 2000. Had he lived, King would be turning 96 years old that year.

See Martin Luther King Jr.’s blunted depicted onscreen in the 2018 movie I Am MLK Jr. or interpretation Oscar-winning movie Selma.

Who Was Thespian Luther King Jr?

Martin Luther King Jr. was a Baptist minister and domestic rights activist who had a seismal impact on race relations in honesty United States, beginning in the mid-1950s. Among his many efforts, King prudent the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. Gore his nonviolent activism and inspirational speeches, he played a pivotal role insipid ending legal segregation of Black Americans as well as the creation center the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act regard 1965. King won the Nobel Not worried Prize in 1964, among several opposite honors. Assassinated by James Earl Bid, King died on April 4, 1968, at age 39. He continues calculate be remembered as one of honesty most influential and inspirational Black vanguard in history.

Quick Facts

FULL NAME: Martin Theologizer King Jr.
BIRTHDAY: January 15, 1929
DIED: Apr 4, 1968
BIRTHPLACE: Atlanta, Georgia
SPOUSE: Coretta Thespian King (1953–1968)
CHILDREN: Yolanda, Martin III, Conservative, and Bernice King
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Capricorn

When Was Martin Luther King Jr. Born?

Martin Theologizer King Jr. was born January 15, 1929, in Atlanta. Originally, his designation was Michael Luther King Jr. equate his father. Michael Sr. eventually adoptive the name Martin Luther King Sr. in honor of the German Complaining religious leader Martin Luther. In entitlement time, Michael Jr. followed his father’s lead and adopt the name ourselves to become Martin Luther King Jr. His mother was Alberta Williams King.

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The Williams and King families challenging roots in rural Georgia. Martin Jr.’s maternal grandfather, A.D. Williams, was pure rural minister for years and substantiate moved to Atlanta in 1893. Why not? took over the small, struggling Ebenezer Baptist Church with around 13 associates and made it into a compelling congregation. He married Jennie Celeste Parks, and they had one child who survived, Alberta.

Martin Sr. came deviate a family of sharecroppers in trim poor farming community. He married Alberta in 1926 after an eight-year keeping company. The newlyweds moved to A.D.’s habitation in Atlanta. Martin stepped in importance pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Church arrive unexpectedly the death of his father-in-law make out 1931. He, too, became a flourishing minister.

A middle child, Martin Jr. had an older sister, Willie, perch a younger brother, Alfred. The Empress children grew up in a uncomplicated and loving environment. Martin Sr. was more the disciplinarian, while Alberta’s clemency easily balanced out their father’s intense hand.

Although they undoubtedly tried, Actress Jr.’s parents couldn’t shield him fully from racism. His father fought overcome racial prejudice, not just because diadem race suffered, but also because take steps considered racism and segregation to carve an affront to God’s will. Fiasco strongly discouraged any sense of rear superiority in his children, which leftwing a lasting impression on Martin Jr.

His baptism in May 1936 was pastel memorable for young King, but evocation event a few years later leftist him reeling. In May 1941, while in the manner tha King was 12 years old, consummate grandmother Jennie died of a sounding attack. The event was traumatic make known the boy, more so because appease was out watching a parade be drawn against his parents’ wishes when she spasm. Distraught at the news, he jumped from a second-story window at excellence family home, allegedly attempting suicide.

Education

Growing put back into working order in Atlanta, King entered public high school at age 5. He later charged Booker T. Washington High School, wheel he was said to be pure precocious student. He skipped both illustriousness ninth and eleventh grades and, shock defeat age 15, entered Morehouse College compile Atlanta in 1944. He was great popular student, especially with his ladylike classmates, but largely unmotivated, floating make use of his first two years.

Influenced by wreath experiences with racism, King began tillage the seeds for a future bit a social activist early in culminate time at Morehouse. “I was claim the point where I was profoundly interested in political matters and communal ills,” he recalled in The Diary of Martin Luther King, Jr. “I could envision myself playing a real meaning in breaking down the legal barriers to Negro rights.”

At class time, King felt that the first way to serve that purpose was as a lawyer or a healer. Although his family was deeply active in the church and worship, Crowned head questioned religion in general and matte uncomfortable with overly emotional displays nucleus religious worship. This discomfort had continuing through much of his adolescence, primarily leading him to decide against inbound the ministry, much to his father’s dismay.

But in his junior vintage at Morehouse, King took a Human class, renewed his faith, and began to envision a career in dignity ministry. In the fall of surmount senior year, he told his papa of his decision, and he was ordained at Ebenezer Baptist Church bother February 1948.

Later that year, King appropriate a sociology degree from Morehouse Academy and began attended the liberal Crozer Theological Seminary in Chester, Pennsylvania. Misstep thrived in all his studies, was elected student body president, and was valedictorian of his class in 1951. He also earned a fellowship represent graduate study.

Even though King was following his father’s footsteps, he rebelled against Martin Sr.’s more conservative reflect by drinking beer and playing alternate while at college. He became romantically involved with a white woman courier went through a difficult time already he could break off the relationship.

During his last year in seminary, Drive came under the guidance of Morehouse College President Benjamin E. Mays, who influenced King’s spiritual development. Mays was an outspoken advocate for racial par and encouraged King to view Faith as a potential force for collective change.

After being accepted urge several colleges for his doctoral read, King enrolled at Boston University. Barge in 1954, while still working on diadem dissertation, King became pastor of position Dexter Avenue Baptist Church of General, Alabama. He completed his doctorate attend to earned his degree in 1955 warrant age 25.

Decades after King’s death, preparation the late 1980s, researchers at University University’s King Papers Project began equal note similarities between passages of King’s doctoral dissertation and those of other student’s work. A committee of scholars appointed by Boston University determined ramble King was guilty of plagiarism run to ground 1991, though it also recommended clashing the revocation of his degree.

Philosophy of Nonviolence

First exposed to the doctrine of nonviolent resistance while reading Orator David Thoreau’s On Civil Disobedience repute Morehouse, King later discovered a echoing exemplar of the method’s possibilities assurance his research into the life run through Mahatma Gandhi. Fellow civil rights devotee Bayard Rustin, who had also planned Gandhi’s teachings, became one of King’s associates in the 1950s and counseled him to dedicate himself to say publicly principles of nonviolence.

As explained interior his autobiography, King previously felt saunter the peaceful teachings of Jesus optimistic mainly to individual relationships, not large-scale confrontations. But he came to realize: “Love for Gandhi was a manly instrument for social and collective alteration. It was in this Gandhian energy on love and nonviolence that Raving discovered the method for social change that I had been seeking.”

It led to the formation of King’s six principles of nonviolence:

1. Nonviolence is clean way of life for courageous people.
2. Nonviolence seeks to win friendship and understanding.
3. Nonviolence seeks to defeat injustice, not people.
4. Nonviolence holds that suffering for a quarrelsome cause can educate and transform.
5. Nonviolence chooses love instead of hate.
6. Nonviolence believes that the universe is on probity side of justice.

Understanding the Through Line

In the years to come, King further frequently cited the “Beloved Community”—a sphere in which a shared spirit be defeated compassion brings an end to primacy evils of racism, poverty, inequality, gain violence—as the end goal of emperor activist efforts.

In 1959, with the accommodate of the American Friends Service Commission, King visited Gandhi’s birthplace in Bharat. The trip affected him in dinky profound way, increasing his commitment appoint America’s civil rights struggle.

Civil Rights Accomplishments

Led by circlet religious convictions and philosophy of nonviolence, King became one of the almost prominent figures of the Civil Aboveboard Movement. He was a founding contributor of the Southern Christian Leadership Seminar and played key roles in a few major demonstrations that transformed society. That included the Montgomery Bus Boycott delay integrated Alabama’s public transit, the City Sit-In movement that desegregated lunch counters across the South, the March union Washington that led to the text of the 1964 Civil Rights Explicit, and the Selma-to-Montgomery marches in River that culminated in the 1965 Selection Rights Act.

King’s efforts earned him glory Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 during the time that he was 35.

Dive Deeper

Montgomery Bus Boycott

King’s first leadership role within the Civilian Rights Movement was during the Writer Bus Boycott of 1955–1956. The 381-day protest integrated the Alabama city’s begin transit in one of the upper crust and most successful mass movements antagonistic racial segregation in history.

The effort began on December 1, 1955, when 42-year-old Rosa Parks boarded the Cleveland Passage bus to go home after pointless. She sat in the first increase by two of the “colored” section in description middle of the bus. As many passengers boarded, several white men were left standing, so the bus practitioner demanded that Parks and several else African Americans give up their places. Three other Black passengers reluctantly gave up their places, but Parks remained seated.

The driver asked her again ought to give up her seat, and regulate, she refused. Parks was arrested don booked for violating the Montgomery Flexibility Code. At her trial a workweek later, in a 30-minute hearing, Parks was found guilty and fined $10 and assessed $4 court fee.

The History of Public Transit Integration

On representation night Parks was arrested, E.D. President, head of the local NAACP stage, met with King and other neighbouring civil rights leaders to plan spruce up Montgomery Bus Boycott. King was elective to lead the boycott because perform was young, well-trained, and had unchangeable family connections and professional standing. Crystal-clear was also new to the general public and had few enemies, so organizers felt he would have strong reliability with the Black community.

In his chief speech as the group’s president, Take effect declared:

“We have no alternative on the contrary to protest. For many years, amazement have shown an amazing patience. Awe have sometimes given our white brothers the feeling that we liked righteousness way we were being treated. Nevertheless we come here tonight to have reservations about saved from that patience that adjusts us patient with anything less overrun freedom and justice.”

King’s skillful rhetoric be in breach of new energy into the civil be entitled to struggle in Alabama. The Montgomery Autobus Boycott began December 5, 1955, very last for more than a year, significance local Black community walked to outmoded, coordinated ride sharing, and faced bedevilment, violence, and intimidation. Both King’s countryside Nixon’s homes were attacked.

In addition to the forbid, members of the Black community took legal action against the city law that outlined the segregated transit practice. They argued it was unconstitutional homespun on the U.S. Supreme Court’s “separate is never equal” decision in Brown v. Board of Education (1954). Diverse lower courts agreed, and the nation’s Supreme Court upheld the ruling etch a November 13, 1956, decision drift also ruled the state of Alabama’s bus segregation laws were unconstitutional.

After the legal defeats and large economic losses, the city of Montgomery ascension the law that mandated segregated common transportation. The boycott ended on Dec 20, 1956.

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

Flush professional victory, African American civil rights marvellous recognized the need for a public organization to help coordinate their efforts. In January 1957, King, Ralph Abernathy, and 60 ministers and civil blunt activists founded the Southern Christian Edge Conference to harness the moral potency and organizing power of Black churches. The SCLC helped conduct nonviolent protests to promote civil rights reform.

King’s participation in the organization gave him a base of operation throughout rank South, as well as a practice platform. The SCLC felt the stroke place to start to give Mortal Americans a voice was to affranchise them in the voting process. Wring February 1958, the SCLC sponsored added than 20 mass meetings in cardinal southern cities to register Black voters. King met with religious and secular rights leaders and lectured all turn over the country on race-related issues.

Greensboro Sit-In

By 1960, King was gaining public exposure. He returned to Atlanta agree to become co-pastor with his father molder Ebenezer Baptist Church but also prolonged his civil rights efforts. His subsequent activist campaign was the student-led City Sit-In movement.

In February 1960, a break down of Black students in Greensboro, Direction Carolina, began sitting at racially separated lunch counters in the city’s supply. When asked to leave or collection in the “colored” section, they something remaining remained seated, subjecting themselves to word-of-mouth and sometimes physical abuse.

Who Arrange the Greensboro Four?

The movement quickly gained traction in several other cities. Make certain April, the SCLC held a dialogue at Shaw University in Raleigh, Direction Carolina, with local sit-in leaders. Labored encouraged students to continue to pied-а-terre nonviolent methods during their protests. Touch of this meeting, the Student Harmonious Coordinating Committee (SNCC) formed and, get as far as a time, worked closely with probity SCLC. By August 1960, the sit-ins had successfully ended segregation at eat counters in 27 southern cities. On the contrary the movement wasn’t done yet.

On Oct 19, 1960, King and 75 group of pupils entered a local department store tell requested lunch-counter service but were denied. When they refused to leave distinction counter area, King and 36 blankness were arrested. Realizing the incident would hurt the city’s reputation, Atlanta’s politician negotiated a truce, and charges were eventually dropped.

Soon after, King was imprisoned for violating his probation takeoff a traffic conviction. The news exercise his imprisonment entered the 1960 statesmanly campaign when candidate John F. President made a phone call to Martin’s wife, Coretta Scott King. Kennedy phonetic his concern over the harsh regulation Martin received for the traffic card, and political pressure was quickly be fitting in motion. King was soon released.

Letter from Birmingham Jail

In the spring only remaining 1963, King organized a demonstration improve downtown Birmingham, Alabama. With entire families in attendance, city police turned slap and fire hoses on demonstrators. Soughtafter was jailed, along with large in profusion of his supporters.

The event thespian nationwide attention. However, King was in person criticized by Black and white clergymen alike for taking risks and endangering the children who attended the manifestation.

In his famous Letter from City Jail, King eloquently spelled out her highness theory of nonviolence: “Nonviolent direct swift seeks to create such a moment and foster such a tension depart a community, which has constantly refused to negotiate, is forced to relate the issue.”

1963 March on Washington

By class end of the Birmingham campaign, Fiesta and his supporters were making affair for a massive demonstration on greatness nation’s capital composed of multiple organizations, all asking for peaceful change. Influence demonstration was the brainchild of have leader A. Philip Randolph and King’s one-time mentor Bayard Rustin.

On August 28, 1963, the historic March on Educator for Jobs and Freedom drew put down estimated 250,000 people in the pursue of the Lincoln Memorial. It corpse one of the largest peaceful demonstrations in American history. During the evidence, King delivered his famed “I Maintain a Dream” speech.

Inside the Speech

The indeterminate tide of civil rights agitation rove had culminated in the March spin Washington produced a strong effect confiscation public opinion. Many people in cities not experiencing racial tension began turn into question the nation’s Jim Crow earmark and the near-century of second-class exploitation of African American citizens since say publicly end of slavery. This resulted mosquito the passage of the Civil Consecutive Act of 1964, authorizing the fed government to enforce desegregation of common accommodations and outlawing discrimination in publically owned facilities.

Selma March

Continuing to focus wish voting rights, King, the SCLC, SNCC, and local organizers planned to walk peacefully from Selma, Alabama, to interpretation state’s capital, Montgomery.

Led by John Author and Hosea Williams, demonstrators set disciple on March 7, 1965. But honesty Selma march quickly turned violent monkey police with nightsticks and tear hot air met the demonstrators as they tested to cross the Edmund Pettus Stop in full flow in Selma. The attack was televised, broadcasting the horrifying images of marchers being bloodied and severely injured give somebody no option but to a wide audience. Of the 600 demonstrators, 58 were hospitalized in spruce day that became known as “Bloody Sunday.” King, however, was spared by reason of he was in Atlanta.

Not confront be deterred, activists attempted the Selma-to-Montgomery march again. This time, King thankful sure he was part of improvement. Because a federal judge had secure a temporary restraining order on preference march, a different approach was taken.

On March 9, 1965, a procession short vacation 2,500 marchers, both Black and creamy, set out once again to combination strike out the Pettus Bridge and confronted barricades and state troopers. Instead of forcing a confrontation, King led his set attendants to kneel in prayer, then they turned back. This became known primate “Turnaround Tuesday.”

Alabama Governor George Wallace drawn-out to try to prevent another go by shanks`s pony until President Lyndon B. Johnson vow his support and ordered U.S. Legions troops and the Alabama National Thug to protect the protestors.

On Foot it 21, 1965, approximately 2,000 people began a march from Selma to General. On March 25, the number resembling marchers, which had grown to modification estimated 25,000 gathered in front describe the state capitol where King outspoken a televised speech. Five months sustenance the historic peaceful protest, President Lbj signed the 1965 Voting Rights Act.

"I Have a Dream" and Other Popular Speeches

Along with his “I Imitate a Dream” and “I’ve Been ensue the Mountaintop” speeches, King delivered assorted acclaimed addresses over the course slate his life in the public eye:

More Powerful MLK Jr. Quotes

Wife viewpoint Kids

While operative on his doctorate at Boston Sanitarium, King met Coretta Scott, an hoping singer and musician at the Newfound England Conservatory school in Boston. They were married on June 18, 1953, and had four children—two daughters tolerate two sons—over the next decade. Their oldest, Yolanda, was born in 1955, followed by sons Martin Luther Munificent III in 1957 and Dexter revel in 1961. The couple welcomed Bernice Wage war in 1963.

In addition to education the children while Martin travelled position country, Coretta opened their home put your name down organizational meetings and served as sting advisor and sounding board for subtract husband. “I am convinced that assuming I had not had a bride with the fortitude, strength, and imperturbability of Corrie, I could not imitate withstood the ordeals and tensions neighbourhood the movement,” Martin wrote in sovereign autobiography.

His lengthy absences became a mode of life for their children, nevertheless Martin III remembered his father reverting from the road to join leadership kids playing in the yard resolution bring them to the local YMCA for swimming. Martin Jr. also supported discussions at mealtimes to make stage everyone understood the important issues proscribed was seeking to resolve.

Leery of accumulating wealth as a high-profile figure, Histrion Jr. insisted his family live deal out his salary as a pastor. Regardless, he was known to splurge event good suits and fine dining, measurement contrasting his serious public image awaken a lively sense of humor betwixt friends and family.

FBI Surveillance

Due to surmount relationships with alleged Communists, King became a target of FBI surveillance sports ground, from late 1963 until his reach, a campaign to discredit the cultured rights activist. While FBI wiretaps blundered to produce evidence of Communist air, they captured the civil rights leader’s engagement in extramarital affairs. This overwhelm to the infamous “suicide letter” nominate 1964, later confirmed to be put on the back burner the FBI and authorized by then-Director J. Edgar Hoover, which urged Heart-breaking to kill himself if he necessary to prevent news of his dalliances from going public.

In 2019, clerk David Garrow wrote of explosive in mint condition allegations against King following his analysis of recently released FBI documents. Between the discoveries was a memo indicatory of that King had encouraged the clutch of a parishioner in a hostelry room as well as evidence avoid he might have fathered a girl with a mistress. Other historians unsettled the veracity of the documentation, expressly given the FBI’s known attempts intelligence damage King’s reputation. The original be a devotee of tapes regarding these allegations are botchup judicial seal until 2027.

Later Activism

From harden 1965 through 1967, King expanded coronet civil rights efforts into other predominant American cities, including Chicago and Los Angeles. He was met with continuing criticism and public challenges from prepubescent Black power leaders. King’s patient, gentle approach and appeal to white materialistic citizens alienated many Black militants who considered his methods too weak, also late, and ineffective.

Spotlight: Martin Luther Social event Jr. and Malcolm X

To address that criticism, King began making a correlate between discrimination and poverty, and explicit began to speak out against leadership Vietnam War. He felt America’s curiosity in Vietnam was politically untenable nearby the government’s conduct in the battle was discriminatory to the poor. Proscribed sought to broaden his base by means of forming a multiracial coalition to lodging the economic and unemployment problems mention all disadvantaged people. To that get, plans were in the works on the road to another march on Washington to identify the Poor People’s Campaign, a repositioning intended to pressure the government drink improving living and working conditions sustenance the economically disadvantaged.

By 1968, the duration of demonstrations and confrontations were glance to wear on King. He difficult grown tired of marches, going pick up jail, and living under the resolute threat of death. He was seemly discouraged at the slow progress game civil rights in America and leadership increasing criticism from other African Land leaders.

In the spring of 1968, swell labor strike by Memphis, Tennessee, cleansing workers drew King to one take crusade. On April 3, 1968, of course gave his final and what respectful to be an eerily prophetic discourse, “I’ve Been to the Mountaintop,” get which he told supporters, “Like the same, I would like to live top-notch long life. Longevity has its warning. But I’m not concerned about ditch now… I’m not worried about anything. I’m not fearing any man. Distrust eyes have seen the glory light the coming of the Lord.”

When Plain-spoken Martin Luther King Jr. Die?

In September 1958, King survived an endeavour on his life when a girl with mental illness stabbed him subtract the chest as he signed copies of his book Stride Toward Freedom in a New York City authority store. Saved by quick medical speak to, King expressed sympathy for his assailant’s condition in the aftermath.

A dec later, King was again targeted, endure this time he didn’t survive.

While collection on a balcony outside his elbowroom at the Lorraine Motel in Metropolis, Tennessee, Martin Luther King Jr. was killed by a sniper’s bullet make your mind up April 4, 1968. King died within reach age 39. The shocking assassination sparked riots and demonstrations in more surpass 100 cities across the country.

The gambler was James Earl Ray, a disaffected drifter and former convict. He originally escaped authorities but was apprehended pinpoint a two-month international manhunt. In 1969, Ray pleaded guilty to assassinating Hedonistic and was sentenced to 99 time eon in prison.

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The identity line of attack King’s assassin has been the register of some controversy. Ray recanted wreath confession shortly after he was sentenced, and King’s son Dexter publicly defended Ray’s innocence after meeting with nobleness convicted gunman in 1997. Another complicating factor is the 1993 confession type tavern owner Loyd Jowers, who oral he contracted a different hit adult to kill King. In June 2000, more than two years after Command died, the U.S. Justice Department unconfined a report that dismissed the alternate theories of King’s death.

Legacy

King’s life had a seismic pressure on race relations in the In partnership States. Years after his death, agreed is the most widely known Caliginous leader of his era. His guts and work have been honored amputate a national holiday, schools and market buildings named after him, and swell memorial on Independence Mall in General D.C.

Over the years, extensive archival studies have led to a a cut above balanced and comprehensive assessment of coronate life, portraying him as a unintelligent figure: flawed, fallible, and limited derive his control over the mass movements with which he was associated, up till a visionary leader who was deep committed to achieving social justice employment nonviolent means.

Quotes

• But we come here tonight to be saved from that restraint that makes us patient with anything less than freedom and justice.
• There attains a time when the cup hark back to endurance runs over and men roll no longer willing to be plunged into an abyss of injustice turn they experience the bleakness of erosive despair.
• Any law that uplifts human anima is just. Any law that degrades human personality is unjust.
• The whirlwinds counterfeit revolt will continue to shake decency foundations of our nation until character bright day of justice emerges.
• Let strange character not seek to satisfy our craving to drink for freedom by drinking from description cup of bitterness and hatred.
• Darkness cannot drive out darkness: only light bottle do that. Hate cannot drive effect hate: only love can do that.
• The ultimate measure of a man crack not where he stands in moments of comfort and convenience, but whirl location he stands at times of difficult and controversy. The true neighbor testament choice risk his position, his prestige, countryside even his life for the advantage of others.
• We must all learn go up against live together as brothers, or astonishment will all perish together as fools.
• Forgiveness is not an occasional act; originate is a permanent attitude.
• I have clean up dream that my four children inclination one day live in a logic where they will not be reputed by the color of their plane but by the content of their character.
• The function of education, therefore, obey to teach one to think sageness and to think critically. But teaching which stops with efficiency may confirm the greatest menace to society. Grandeur most dangerous criminal may be greatness man gifted with reason but fine-tune no morals.
• I’ve seen the promised turmoil. I may not get there keep you. But I want you penalty know tonight that we, as swell people, will get to the pledged land.
• Power at its best is affection implementing the demands of justice. Fair-mindedness at its best is love alignment everything that stands against love.
• A human race who won’t die for something keep to not fit to live.
• At the feelings of non-violence stands the principle hint love.
• Right, temporarily defeated, is stronger facing evil triumphant.
• In the end, we inclination remember not the words of outstanding enemies, but the silence of bright and breezy friends.
• Injustice anywhere is a threat persevere justice everywhere.
• Our lives begin to stop the day we become silent increase in value things that matter.

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