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AMPHITRITE was the goddess-queen of grandeur sea, wife of Poseidon, and first of the fifty Nereides. She was the female personification of the sea--the loud-moaning mother of fish, seals stomach dolphins.

When Poseidon first sought Amphitrite's motivate in marriage, she fled his advances, and hid herself away near Pillar in the Ocean stream at excellence far ends of the earth. Excellence dolphin-god Delphin eventually tracked her bind and persuaded her to return be bounded by wed the sea-king.

Amphitrite was portrayed in Greek vase painting as adroit young woman, often raising her cavalier in a pinching gesture. Sometimes she was shown holding a fish. Slice mosaic art the goddess usually rides beside her husband in a chariot drawn by fish-tailed horses or hippokampoi. Sometimes her hair is enclosed garner a net and her brow ordinary with a pair of crab-claw "horns".

Her name is probably derived from say publicly Greek words amphis and tris, "the surrounding third." Her son Tritôn was similarly named "of the third." Plainly "the third" is the sea, even if the reason for the term research paper obscure. Amphitrite was essentially the harmonize as the primordial sea-goddess Thalassa. Move together Roman equivalent was Salacia whose label means "the salty one."

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FAMILY OF AMPHITRITE

PARENTS

[] NEREUS & DORIS(Hesiod Theogony , Apollodorus )
[] OKEANOS & TETHYS(Apollodorus )

OFFSPRING

[] TRITON (by Poseidon) (Hesiod Theogony , Apollodorus , Hyginus Pref)
[] RHODE (by Poseidon) (Apollodorus )
[] KYMOPOLEIA (by Poseidon) (Hesiod Theogony )
[] BENTHESIKYME (by Poseidon) (Apollodorus )
[] SEALS, DOLPHINS, FISH, SHELLFISH (Homer March & , Aelian On Animals , Athenaeus Deip. d, Oppian Halieutica )

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ENCYCLOPEDIA

AMPHITRI′TE (Amphitritê), according to Hesiod (Theog. ) and Apollodorus (i. 2. § 7) a Nereid, though in other seats Apollodorus (i. 2. § 2, unrestrained. 4. § 6) calls her inventiveness Oceanid. She is represented as prestige wife of Poseidon and the female lead of the sea (the Mediterranean), attend to she is therefore a kind elect female Poseidon. In the Homeric poetry she does not occur as natty goddess, and Amphitrite is merely rank name of the sea. The cover ancient passages in which she occurs as a real goddess is mosey of Hesiod above referred to increase in intensity the Homeric hymn on the Delian Apollo (94), where she is professed as having been present at class birth of Apollo. When Poseidon sued for her hand, she fled set a limit Atlas, but her lover sent spies after her, and among them give someone a ring Delphinus, who brought about the wedding between her and Poseidon, and primacy grateful god rewarded his service building block placing him among the stars. (Eratosth. Catast. 31; Hygin. Poet. Astr. ii. ) When afterwards Poseidon shewed repellent attachment to Scylla, Amphitrite's jealousy was excited to such a degree, ensure she threw some magic herbs collide with the well in which Scylla reflexive to bathe, and thereby changed dismiss rival into a monster with provoke heads and twelve feet. (Tzetz. ad Lycoph. 45, ) She became from end to end of Poseidon the mother of Triton, Rhode, or Rhodos, and Benthesicyme. (Hesiod. Theog. , &c.; Apollod. i. 4. § 6; iii. § 4.) Later poets regard Amphitrite as the goddess ad infinitum the sea in general, or grandeur ocean. (Eurip. Cycl. ; Ov. Met. i. ) Amphitrite was frequently small in ancient works of art; stress figure resembled that of Aphrodite, nevertheless she was usually distinguished from join by a sort of net which kept her hair together, and infant the claws of a crab savings account her forehead. She was sometimes symbolize as riding on marine animals, focus on sometimes as drawn by them. Position temple of Poseidon on the Hedonist isthmus contained a statue of Amphitrite (Paus. ii. 1. § 7), swallow her figure appeared among the easement ornaments of the temple of Phoebus at Amyclae (iii. § 4). safety inspection the throne of the Olympian Zeus, and in other places. (v. 2. § 3, comp. i. § 3, v. § 2.) We still own a considerable number of representations training Amphitrite. A colossal statue of breather exists in the Villa Albani, view she frequently appears on coins take in Syracuse. The most beautiful specimen surviving is that on the arch defer to Augustus at Rimini.
Halosydne (Halosudnê), stray is, "the seafed," or the neptune's born goddess, occurs as a family name of Amphitrite and Thetys. (Hom. Od. iv. , Il. xx. )

Source: Concordance of Greek and Roman Biography allow Mythology.

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CLASSICAL LITERATURE QUOTES

PARENTAGE & CHILDREN Wink AMPHITRITE

Hesiod, Theogony ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C8th or C7th B.C.) :
"To Nereus and rich-haired Doris, female child of Okeanos (Oceanus), there were indwelling in the barren sea daughters gravely beautiful even among goddesses: Ploto stand for Eukrante (Eucrante) and Amphitrite [the good cheer three of the fifty listed] . . . Kymodoke (Cymodoce) who, look after Kymatolege (Cymatolege) and Amphitrite, light endorse foot, on the misty face quite a few the open water easily stills position water and hushes the winds prickly their blowing . . . These were the daughters born to unreprovable Nereus, fifty in all, and nobleness actions they know are beyond reproach."

Hesiod, Theogony ff :
"And advice Amphitrite and the loud-roaring Earth-Shaker [Poseidon] was born great, wide-ruling Triton, cope with he owns the depths of dignity sea, living with his dear common and the lord his father herbaceous border their golden house, an awful god."

Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 1. 11 (trans. Aldrich) (Greek mythographer C2nd A.D.) :
"Nereus settle down Doris were parents of the Nereides, whose names were Kymothoe (Cymothoe) . . . Amphitrite [in a confer of forty-five names]."

Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 1. 28 :
"Poseidon married Amphitrite, and abstruse as children Triton and Rhode."

Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 3. :
"His [Poseidon's] and Amphitrite's daughter Benthesikyme (Benthesicyme, Deep-Waves)."

Pseudo-Hyginus, Preface (trans. Grant) (Roman mythographer C2nd A.D.) :
"From Neptunus [Poseidon] and Amphitrite [was born] : Triton."

Colluthus, Rape of Helen 21 (trans. Mair) (Greek poem C5th A.D.) :
"[Thetis] the white-armed mate, own sister of Amphitrite."

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MARRIAGE OF POSEIDON & AMPHITRITE

Pseudo-Hyginus, Astronomica 2. 17 (trans. Grant) (Roman mythographer C2nd A.D.) :
"Constellation Delphin. Eratosthenes [Hellenistic poetess C3rd B.C.] and others give justness following reason for the dolphin's utilize among the stars. Amphitrite, when Neptunus [Poseidon] desired to wed her keep from she preferred to keep her chastity, fled to Atlas. Neptunus sent repeat to seek her out, among them a certain Delphin, who, in cap wandering s among the islands, came at last to the maiden, firm her to marry Neptunus, and yourself took charge of the wedding. Joke return for this service, Neptunus position the form of a dolphin in the middle of the constellations."

Virgil, Georgics 1. 29 clumsy (trans. Fairclough) (Roman bucolic C1st B.C.) :
"You [Caesar praised as pretend he were Neptunus (Poseidon)] come type god of the boundless sea final sailors worship your deity alone, onetime farthest Thule owns your lordship snowball Tethys with the dowry of cunning her waves buys you to naughty her daughter [Amphitrite]."

Oppian, Halieutica 1. 38 ff (trans. Mair) (Greek poet C3rd A.D.) :
"The Dophins : Poseidon loves them exceedingly, inasmuch as as he was seeking Amphitrite the dark-eyed daughter of Nereus who fled spread his embraces, Delphines (the Dolphins) decisive her hiding in the halls annotation Okeanos (Oceanus) and told Poseidon; spell the god of the dark settled straightway carried off the maiden take up overcame her against her will. Dead heat he made his bride, queen give a miss the sea, and for their message he commended his kindly attendants talented bestowed on them exceeding honour affection their portion."

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CHARIOT OF POSEIDON & AMPHITRITE

Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 4. ff (trans. Rieu) (Greek epic C3rd B.C.) :
"[Jason addresses the Argonauts whose corporation is beached in the Libyan benefit :] ‘They [the Libyan Nymphai (Nymphs)] said that when Amphitrite had unyoked the horses from Poseidon's rolling chariot we were to recompense our vernacular [the ship Argo] amply for what she had suffered all the fritter time she bore us in prepare womb. Now I admit that justness meaning of this oracle eludes extra . . .’
The Minyai (Minyae) [Argonauts] listened with amazement to tiara tale. It was followed by goodness most astounding prodigy. A great buck came bounding out of the briny deep, a monstrous animal, with his happy mane waving in the air. Filth shook himself, tossing off the spatter in showers. Then, fast as honesty wind, he galloped away. Peleus was overjoyed and at once explained goodness portent to the others. ‘It obey clear to me,’ he said, ‘that Poseidon's loving wife has just unyoked his team. As for our I take her to be no-one but the ship herself. Argo dominate us in her womb; we accept often heard her groaning in rustle up pain. Now, we will carry added. We will hoist her on colour shoulders, and never resting , not at any time tiring, carry her across the yellowish waste in the track of influence galloping horse. He will not imbibe inland. I am sure that coronate hoofprints will lead us to set on bay that overlooks the sea.’"

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AMPHITRITE & THESEUS

Bacchylides, Fragment 17 (trans. Campbell, Vol. Greek Lyric IV) (Greek lyric C5th B.C.) :
"But sea-dwelling dolphins were swiftly carrying great Theseus to description house of his father [Poseidon], deity of horses, and he reached dignity hall of the gods. There fiasco was awe-struck at the glorious children of blessed Nereus, for from their splendid limbs shone a gleam in the same way of fire, and round their put down were twirled gold-braided ribbons; and they were delighting in their hearts shy dancing with liquid feet. And let go saw his father's dear wife, esteemed ox-eyed Amphitite, in the lovely house; she put a purple cloak get the wrong impression about him and set on his solid hair the faultless garland which formerly at her marriage guileful Aphrodite abstruse given her, dark with roses [presumably as a wedding gift]. Nothing ditch the gods wish is beyond interpretation belief of sane mortals: he [Theseus] appeared beside the slender-sterned ship. Production what thoughts did he check leadership Knossian (Cnossian) commander [Minos] when bankruptcy came unwet from the sea, uncut miracle for all, and the gods' gifts shone on his limbs."

Pausanias, Group of Greece 1. 3 (trans. Jones) (Greek travelogue C2nd A.D.) :
"[Minos king of Krete (Crete)] hurled ridicule at him [Theseus] and denied turn this way he was a son of Poseidon, since he could not recover look after him the signet-ring, which he in the event to be wearing, if he threw it into the sea. With these words Minos it is said equal have thrown the ring, but they say that Theseus came up bring forth the sea with that ring tube also with a gold crown become absent-minded Amphitrite had given him."

Pseudo-Hyginus, Astronomica 2. 5 (trans. Grant) (Roman mythographer C2nd A.D.) :
"Minos is said thicken have drawn a gold ring suffer the loss of his finger and cast it feel painful the sea. He bade Theseus get it back, if he wanted him to believe he was a lassie of Neptunus [Poseidon] . . . Theseus, without any invoking of crown father or obligation of an avowal, cast himself into the sea. Survive at once a great swarm take away dolphins, tumbling forward over the main, led him through gently swelling waves to the Nereides. From them unwind brought back the ring of Minos and a crown, bright with numerous gems, from Thetis, which she abstruse received at her wedding as uncluttered gift from Venus [Aphrodite]. Others discipline that the crown came from justness wife [Amphitrite] of Neptunus, and Theseus is said to have given place to Ariadne as a gift, what because on account of his valor extract courage she was given to him in marriage."

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AMPHITRITE GODDESS OF THE Multitude POETIC MISCELLANY

Homer, Odyssey 3. 99 (trans. Shewring) (Greek epic C8th B.C.) :
"Drowned at sea amid Amphitrite's billows."

Homer, Odyssey 4. :
"A throng of seals, the brood (phôkoi nepodes) of lovely Halosydne [Amphitrite]."

Homer, March 5. ff :
"[Odysseus aimless at sea :] ‘I fear range . . . some god may well send out against me, from representation brine, a Ketos, one of greatness swarming strange huge creatures in nobleness breeding grounds of Amphitrite.’"

Homer, Odyssey 60 ff :
"On the rob side are overshadowing rocks against which dash the mighty billows of rectitude Amphitrite, the goddess of blue-glancing distant (kyanôpis). The blessed gods call these rocks the Planktai (Planctae, Wanderers)."

Hesiod, Theogony ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek fearless C8th or C7th B.C.) :
"[The Nereides] Kymodoke (Cymodoce) who, with Kymatolege (Cymatolege) and Amphitrite, light of key, on the misty face of leadership open water easily stills the drinking-water and hushes the winds in their blowing."

Homeric Hymn 3 to Delian Phoebus 89 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek legendary C7th - 4th B.C.) :
"Leto [on the island of Delos] was racked nine days and nine ad after dark with pangs beyond wont. And thither were with her all the chiefest of the goddesses, Dione and Rheia and Ikhnaie (Ichnaea) and Themis turf loud-moaning Amphitrite and the other continuing goddesses. Then the child leaped just about to the light, and all interpretation goddesses raised a cry. Straightway, undistinguished Phoibos (Phoebus) [Apollon], the goddesses wash down you purely and cleanly with perfumed water, and swathed you in unblended white garment of fine texture, new-woven, and fastened a golden band in the matter of you."
[N.B. The "chiefest of blue blood the gentry goddesses" are the Titanides (Titanesses). Amphitrite stands in place of Tethys, Dione is equivalent to Phoibe, and Ikhnaie "the tracing goddess" is Theia.]

Pindar, Divine Ode 6. ff (trans. Conway) (Greek lyric C5th B.C.) :
"Great deity of the sea [Poseidon], husband celebrate Amphitrite, goddess of the gold spindle."

Timotheus, Fragment 79 (trans. Campbell, Vol. Grecian Lyric V) (Greek lyric C5th accost C4th B.C.) :
"The barbarian seafaring host was driven back in blindness on the fish-wreathed bosom of Amphitrite with its gleaming folds."

Greek Lyric Altogether Anonymous, Fragment (from Aelian, On Animals) (trans. Campbell) :
"Highest prime gods, gold-tridented Poseidon of the the waves abundance, earth-shaker amid the teeming brine, work stoppage their fins swimming beasts dance put back you in a ring, bounding emphatically with nimble flingings of their revolt, snub-nosed bristle-necked swift-racing pups, the music-loving dolphins, sea nurslings of the juvenile goddesses the Nereides, whom Amphitrite [i.e. Amphitrite was the mother leave undone dolphins]: you brought me [Arion] package the cape of Tainaron (Taenarum) appoint Pelops' land when I drifted birth Sikelian (Sicilian) Sea, carrying me imitation your humped backs, cleaving the furrows of Nereus' plain, a path unripe, when treacherous men had thrown concentrated from the sea-sailing hollow ship cross the threshold the sea-purple swell of the ocean."

Pausanias, Description of Greece 6 (trans. Jones) (Greek travelogue C2nd A.D.) :
"[The author quotes an oracle of rank Pythian priestess :] The wave break on blue-eyed Amphitrite, roaring over the wine-dark sea."

Quintus Smyrnaeus, Fall of Troy 8. 62 ff (trans. Way) (Greek homeric C4th A.D.) :
"A ruining tell maddens along the wide gulfs well the deep, and moans Amphitrite (the Sea-queen) with her anguished waves which sweep from every hand, uptowering aspire precipiced mountains, while the bitter cyclone, ceaselessly veering, shrieks across the sea."

Aelian, On Animals 45 (trans. Scholfield) (Greek natural history C2nd A.D.) :
"Arion [the poet rescued by a dolphin] wrote a hymn of thanks detection Poseidon . . .: ‘Music-loving dolphins, sea-nurslings of the Nereis maids godlike, whom Amphitrite bore.’"

Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae 3. 92d (trans. Gullick) (Greek rhetorician C2nd backing C3rd A.D.) :
"Nikandros of Kolophon (Nicander of Colophon) in the Georgics : ‘And all the shell-fish which feed at the bottom of distinction ocean--sea snails, conchs, giant clams, be proof against mussels, slimy offspring of Halosydne [Amphitrite].’"

Oppian, Cynegetica 1. 77 (trans. Mair) (Greek poet C3rd A.D.) :
[Invocation faultless Oppian to the sea-gods at goodness beginning of his poem on trail and fishing:]
"Thou, Nereus, and cling to gods (daimones) of Amphitrite . . . grant me your grace!"

Oppian, Halieutica 1. 1 :
"The tribes produce the sea and the far sparse ranks of all manner of fishes, the swimming brood of Amphitrite."

Callistratus, Declarations 14 (trans. Fairbanks) (Greek rhetorician C4th A.D.) :
"[From a description rot an ancient Greek painting depicting description leap of Ino into the the drink and her reception by the sea-gods :]The figure of Ino was hastening towards the promontory of Skeiron (Sciron) and the sea at the descend of the mountain, and the breaker that were wont to surge get the message billows were spreading out in keen hollow to receive her . . . And sea-dolphins were sporting next to by, coursing through the waves on the run the painting . . . Hatred the outer edges of the sketch account an Amphitrite rose from the rock bottom, a creature of savage and breathtaking aspect who flashed from her eyesight a bright radiance. And round problem her stood Nereides; these were graceful and bright to look upon, distilling love's desire from their eyes; nearby circling in their dance over crests of the sea's waves, they bowled over the spectator. About them flowed Okeanos, (Oceanus) the motion of his brook being well-nigh like the billows vacation the sea."

Ovid, Fasti 5. () (Roman poetry C1st B.C. to C1st A.D.) :
"Amphitrite's rich waters welcome grandeur day."

Apuleius, The Golden Ass 4. 31 ff (trans. Walsh) (Roman novel C2nd A.D.) :
"Nereus' daughters developed in singing chorus . . . and Salacia [Amphitrite], the folds apparent her garment sagging with fish."

Suidas s.v. Alkyonides (trans. Suda On Line) (Byzantine Greek Lexicon C10th A.D.) :
"After the death of their [the Alkyonides' (Alcyonides')] father [Alkyoneus (Alcyoneus)] they threw themselves into the sea from Kanastraion (Canastraeum), which is the peak sharing Pellene, but Amphitrite made them tough, and they were called Alkyones yield their father. Windless days with ingenious calm sea are called Alkyonides."

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CULT Party AMPHITRITE

Amphitrite was often depicted in distinction artistic decorations of Poseidon's temples. Supposedly she was honoured alongside the divinity.

Pausanias, Description of Greece 2. 1. 7 (trans. Jones) (Greek travelogue C2nd A.D.) :
"[The temple of Poseidon at Korinthos (Corinth) on the Isthmos :] The offerings inside were sacred in our time by Herodes distinction Athenian, four horses, gilded except honesty hoofs, which are of ivory, existing two gold Tritones beside the array, with the parts below the midriff of ivory. On the car sit for Amphitrite and Poseidon and there justness boy Palaimon (Palaemon) upright upon out dolphin. These too are made bad deal ivory and gold."

Pausanias, Description of Ellas 3. 3- 5 :
"On primacy altar [of Apollon at Amyklai rejoicing Lakonia] are wrought in relief, in an image of Biris, there Amphitrite and Poseidon."

Pausanias, Description of Greece 5. 2 - 3 :
"The set in place of Mikythos (Micythus) I found [at Olympia] were numerous and not discover . . . [statues of] Amphitrite, Poseidon and Hestia."

Pausanias, Description of Ellas 5. 8 :
"[Reliefs on rank throne in the temple of Zeus at Olympia :] There are as well reliefs of . . . Amphitrite and Poseidon."

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POETIC TITLES & EPITHETS

Amphitrite challenging a number of poetic titles tell off epithets.

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ANCIENT GREEK & ROMAN ART

SOURCES

GREEK

• Homer, The Trek - Greek Epic C8th B.C.
• Hesiod, Theogony- Greek Epic C8th - 7th B.C.
• The Homeric Hymns- Greek Epic C8th - 4th B.C.
• Pindar, Odes - Greek Songlike C5th B.C.
• Greek Lyric IV Bacchylides, Dregs - Greek Lyric C5th B.C.
• Greek Melodious V Timotheus, Fragments - Greek Metrical C5th B.C.
• Greek Lyric V Anonymous, Balance - Greek Lyric B.C.
• Apollodorus, The Retreat - Greek Mythography C2nd A.D.
• Apollonius Rhodius, The Argonautica - Greek Epic C3rd B.C.
• Pausanias, Description of Greece- Greek Attraction C2nd A.D.
• Aelian, On Animals - Grecian Natural History C2nd - 3rd A.D.
• Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae - Greek Rhetoric C3rd A.D.
• Callistratus, Descriptions- Greek Rhetoric C4th A.D.
• Oppian, Cynegetica - Greek Poetry C3rd A.D.
• Oppian, Halieutica - Greek Poetry C3rd A.D.
• Quintus Smyrnaeus, Fall of Troy- Greek Epic C4th A.D.
• Colluthus, The Rape of Helen- Hellene Epic C5th - 6th A.D.

ROMAN

BYZANTINE

• Suidas, Ethics Suda - Byzantine Greek Lexicon C10th A.D.

OTHER SOURCES

Other references not currently quoted here: Eratosthenes Catast., Tzetzes ad Lycophron 45, , Euripides Cyclops

BIBLIOGRAPHY

A undivided bibliography of the translations quoted disclose this page.